The California Nebula
Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In. Total exposure time 16 hours.
The Seagull Nebula
Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In. Total exposure time 13 hours.
The North American and Pelican Nebulae
Total exposure time 13 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
NGC7822 Widefield
Total exposure time 21 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Cygnus Wall NGC7000
Total exposure time 10.75 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Lobster Claw and Bubble Nebulae
Total exposure time 12 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Helix NebulaDeep Field
Photographed from Texas in 2017.
Total Exposure Time: 24.5 Hours using Oxygen and Hydrogen filters.
Data acquired by: John Kasianowicz, Josh Balsam, Justin Lian, Michael Bushell, Mike Shelby, Rich Johnson, Dhaval Brahmbhatt and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Heart Nebula IC1805
Total exposure time 13 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Soul Nebula IC1848
Total exposure time 22 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Pelican Nebula IC5070
Total exposure time 15.75 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
NGC6820
Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory in 2016.
Total Exposure Time: 41 Hours
Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo,
Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Rosette Nebula NGC2237-2239
Total exposure time 9.6 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
Tadpoles IC410
Total exposure time 15 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Bubble Nebula NGC7635
Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory in 2016.
Total Exposure Time: 40.5 Hours
Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo,
Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Cave Nebula SH2-155
Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory in 2016.
Total Exposure Time: 38 Hours
Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo,
Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Pacman Nebula NGC281
Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory in 2016.
Total Exposure Time: 33 Hours
Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo,
Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Squid Nebula Sh2-129 and Ou4
As of 2017, this is the deepest shot of Ou4 that I have seen. The central figure reminiscent of a squid is so faint it was only discovered in 2011. 30 hours of imaging time through an oxygen filter were barely enough to make the squid stand out well against the red hydrogen in the background.
Exposure time approximately 80 hours. Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory. Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo, Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson. Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Eagle Nebula M16
Total exposure time 10.75 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
Elephant Trunk Nebula IC1396
Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory in 2016.
Total Exposure Time: 31.5 Hours
Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo,
Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Dumbbell Nebula M27
Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory in 2016.
Total Exposure Time: 30 Hours
Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo,
Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Inner Soul Nebula IC1848
Total exposure time 22 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
NGC7822
Total exposure time 15 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
Sh2-119
Photographed at Sierra Remote Observatory in 2016.
Total Exposure Time: 30 Hours
Data acquired by Bret Charles, John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo,
Jose Mtanous, Rick Stevenson and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
The Lagoon Nebula
M8 is a tough object to image due to its low elevation. This image is composed entirely of narrowband data but is a combination of 2 processing sessions. The central nebula region was produced using a modified Hubble Pallet from Hydrogen, Sulfur, and Oxygen filters. The outer Hydrogen regions used the same Narrowband data set but the filters were combined differently to produce a true color image. The reason I made the image this way is simple. It stands on its own where the component images were lacking in one way or another.
Total exposure time 9.5 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Butterfly Nebula
Total exposure time 16.75 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Crescent nebula
This is a Bi-Color image of the famous crescent nebula made with Hydrogen and Oxygen filters. If you look closely near the bottom right corner you can see the very faint soap bubble nebula discovered in 2008.
Total exposure time 15 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
IC5068
This beautiful nebula is often overlooked as it is near the famous North American and Pelican Nebulae in Cygnus. Wispy black dust appears to be raining down in this surreal scene. Photographed from my home observatory near Bloomington, In. Total exposure time 13 hours.
Sh2-132
Total exposure time 17.5 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
Sh2-115
Total exposure time 17 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The cone nebula
There is so much happening in this image that seems more like a painting than an astrophoto to me. Looking around one can find faces of animals here and there. Perhaps you can see the wizard next to a cats face? Total exposure time 17 hours. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In.
The Orion Nebula
This tricolor narrowband rendition of the famous Orion Nebula was made using Sulfur, Hydrogen, and Oxygen filters. Photographed at my home observatory near Bloomington, In. Total exposure time 10.5 hours.
The Crab Nebula
This experimental starless version was photographed from Texas in 2019.
Total Exposure Time: ~11 Hours using Oxygen and Hydrogen filters.
Data acquired by: John Kasianowicz, Josh Balsam, Justin Lian, Michael Bushell, Mike Shelby, Rich Johnson, Dhaval Brahmbhatt and Scott Johnson.
Processing by Scott Johnson.
Narrowband Nebulae
Tricolor narrowband nebulae are produced by combining images made through Hydrogen, Sulfur, and Oxygen filters. While these images are not considered true color, the gasses and dust are real and the images exhibit bold contrast with beautiful color, saturation, and detail. I started on this body of work in 2015 and these are by far my favorite images to make.